Guanxi (China) - Revision history

Admin at 08:59, 7 August 2020

2020-08-07T08:59:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:59, 7 August 2020
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	Yet economic prosperity and the increasing globalization of the Chinese economy have indeed brought changes to ''guanxi'' culture. The post-Mao increase in instrumentalized ''guanxi'' that blurs boundaries between ''guanxi'' and bribery has already been mentioned. The second change has been in the nature of the gifts given in return for expected favors. Whereas in the 1980s, it was enough to give cigarettes, alcohol, and banquets to officials, now there is gift inflation and the “sexualization of ''guanxi''.” Male entrepreneurs trying to cultivate guanxi with officials will sometimes invite them to enjoy the women working in massage parlors, karaoke nightclubs, and brothels. Thus, a variety of women’s sexual services have become the new “gifts” of ''guanxixue''. Tiantian Zheng<ref>Zheng, Tiantian. Red Lights: The Lives of Sex Workers in Postsocialist China. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2009. </ref> and John Osburg<ref>Osburg, John. Anxious Wealth: Money and Morality Among China’s New Rich. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2013.</ref> have written about the cementing of masculine bonds between entrepreneurs and officials as they get together to talk business and enjoy women at these establishments. The third change can be found in the increasing transnational dimension of ''guanxi''. Not only Chinese capital and businesses expand across the globe, but also Chinese educational and cultural networks extend overseas, thus enabling Chinese both inside and outside China to gain new opportunities abroad through transnational ''guanxi'' networks, which now may even include non-Chinese. Finally, with new social media technologies, personal guanxi networks have found a new medium to activate its members and expand their geographical and social reach. The technical properties of We-Chat (''weixin''), which uses mobile phones to send simultaneous messages to one’s personal contacts, is uniquely favorable to the personal network form of ''guanxi''. Scholars have just started to study the confluence of ''guanxi'' and We-Chat networks, and how these have been increasingly significant for the local mobilization of public protests and street demonstrations in China.		Yet economic prosperity and the increasing globalization of the Chinese economy have indeed brought changes to ''guanxi'' culture. The post-Mao increase in instrumentalized ''guanxi'' that blurs boundaries between ''guanxi'' and bribery has already been mentioned. The second change has been in the nature of the gifts given in return for expected favors. Whereas in the 1980s, it was enough to give cigarettes, alcohol, and banquets to officials, now there is gift inflation and the “sexualization of ''guanxi''.” Male entrepreneurs trying to cultivate guanxi with officials will sometimes invite them to enjoy the women working in massage parlors, karaoke nightclubs, and brothels. Thus, a variety of women’s sexual services have become the new “gifts” of ''guanxixue''. Tiantian Zheng<ref>Zheng, Tiantian. Red Lights: The Lives of Sex Workers in Postsocialist China. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2009. </ref> and John Osburg<ref>Osburg, John. Anxious Wealth: Money and Morality Among China’s New Rich. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2013.</ref> have written about the cementing of masculine bonds between entrepreneurs and officials as they get together to talk business and enjoy women at these establishments. The third change can be found in the increasing transnational dimension of ''guanxi''. Not only Chinese capital and businesses expand across the globe, but also Chinese educational and cultural networks extend overseas, thus enabling Chinese both inside and outside China to gain new opportunities abroad through transnational ''guanxi'' networks, which now may even include non-Chinese. Finally, with new social media technologies, personal guanxi networks have found a new medium to activate its members and expand their geographical and social reach. The technical properties of We-Chat (''weixin''), which uses mobile phones to send simultaneous messages to one’s personal contacts, is uniquely favorable to the personal network form of ''guanxi''. Scholars have just started to study the confluence of ''guanxi'' and We-Chat networks, and how these have been increasingly significant for the local mobilization of public protests and street demonstrations in China.

	==~~Pages~~ linking to ''guanxi''==		==Entries in the online encyclopaedia linking to ''guanxi''==
	<div style="column-count:3;-moz-column-count:3;-webkit-column-count:3">		<div style="column-count:3;-moz-column-count:3;-webkit-column-count:3">
	{{Special:Whatlinkshere/Guanxi}}		{{Special:Whatlinkshere/Guanxi}}

Admin at 12:18, 5 August 2020

2020-08-05T12:18:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:18, 5 August 2020
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	Yet economic prosperity and the increasing globalization of the Chinese economy have indeed brought changes to ''guanxi'' culture. The post-Mao increase in instrumentalized ''guanxi'' that blurs boundaries between ''guanxi'' and bribery has already been mentioned. The second change has been in the nature of the gifts given in return for expected favors. Whereas in the 1980s, it was enough to give cigarettes, alcohol, and banquets to officials, now there is gift inflation and the “sexualization of ''guanxi''.” Male entrepreneurs trying to cultivate guanxi with officials will sometimes invite them to enjoy the women working in massage parlors, karaoke nightclubs, and brothels. Thus, a variety of women’s sexual services have become the new “gifts” of ''guanxixue''. Tiantian Zheng<ref>Zheng, Tiantian. Red Lights: The Lives of Sex Workers in Postsocialist China. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2009. </ref> and John Osburg<ref>Osburg, John. Anxious Wealth: Money and Morality Among China’s New Rich. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2013.</ref> have written about the cementing of masculine bonds between entrepreneurs and officials as they get together to talk business and enjoy women at these establishments. The third change can be found in the increasing transnational dimension of ''guanxi''. Not only Chinese capital and businesses expand across the globe, but also Chinese educational and cultural networks extend overseas, thus enabling Chinese both inside and outside China to gain new opportunities abroad through transnational ''guanxi'' networks, which now may even include non-Chinese. Finally, with new social media technologies, personal guanxi networks have found a new medium to activate its members and expand their geographical and social reach. The technical properties of We-Chat (''weixin''), which uses mobile phones to send simultaneous messages to one’s personal contacts, is uniquely favorable to the personal network form of ''guanxi''. Scholars have just started to study the confluence of ''guanxi'' and We-Chat networks, and how these have been increasingly significant for the local mobilization of public protests and street demonstrations in China.		Yet economic prosperity and the increasing globalization of the Chinese economy have indeed brought changes to ''guanxi'' culture. The post-Mao increase in instrumentalized ''guanxi'' that blurs boundaries between ''guanxi'' and bribery has already been mentioned. The second change has been in the nature of the gifts given in return for expected favors. Whereas in the 1980s, it was enough to give cigarettes, alcohol, and banquets to officials, now there is gift inflation and the “sexualization of ''guanxi''.” Male entrepreneurs trying to cultivate guanxi with officials will sometimes invite them to enjoy the women working in massage parlors, karaoke nightclubs, and brothels. Thus, a variety of women’s sexual services have become the new “gifts” of ''guanxixue''. Tiantian Zheng<ref>Zheng, Tiantian. Red Lights: The Lives of Sex Workers in Postsocialist China. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2009. </ref> and John Osburg<ref>Osburg, John. Anxious Wealth: Money and Morality Among China’s New Rich. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2013.</ref> have written about the cementing of masculine bonds between entrepreneurs and officials as they get together to talk business and enjoy women at these establishments. The third change can be found in the increasing transnational dimension of ''guanxi''. Not only Chinese capital and businesses expand across the globe, but also Chinese educational and cultural networks extend overseas, thus enabling Chinese both inside and outside China to gain new opportunities abroad through transnational ''guanxi'' networks, which now may even include non-Chinese. Finally, with new social media technologies, personal guanxi networks have found a new medium to activate its members and expand their geographical and social reach. The technical properties of We-Chat (''weixin''), which uses mobile phones to send simultaneous messages to one’s personal contacts, is uniquely favorable to the personal network form of ''guanxi''. Scholars have just started to study the confluence of ''guanxi'' and We-Chat networks, and how these have been increasingly significant for the local mobilization of public protests and street demonstrations in China.

			==Pages linking to ''guanxi''==
			<div style="column-count:3;-moz-column-count:3;-webkit-column-count:3">
			{{Special:Whatlinkshere/Guanxi}}
			</div>

	==References==		==References==

Admin at 17:15, 31 May 2019

2019-05-31T17:15:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:15, 31 May 2019
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	[[:Category:Redistribution\|Redistribution]] – [[:Category: Substantive ambivalence\| Substantive ambivalence]] – [[:Category: Instrumentality of sociability\| Instrumentality of sociability]] – [[:Category: Economies of favours\| Economies of favours]]		[[:Category:Redistribution\|Redistribution]] – [[:Category: Substantive ambivalence\| Substantive ambivalence]] – [[:Category: Instrumentality of sociability\| Instrumentality of sociability]] – [[:Category: Economies of favours\| Economies of favours]]
	\| categories =		\| categories =
	[[:Category:China\|China]] – [[:Category: East Asia\| East Asia]] – [[:Category: Getting things ~~dome~~\| Getting things ~~dome~~]] – [[:Category: Personal connections\| Personal connections]] – [[:Category: Access\| Access]] – [[:Category: Opportunity\| Opportunity]] – [[:Category: Favour\| Favour]]		[[:Category:China\|China]] – [[:Category: East Asia\| East Asia]] – [[:Category: Getting things done\| Getting things done]] – [[:Category: Personal connections\| Personal connections]] – [[:Category: Access\| Access]] – [[:Category: Opportunity\| Opportunity]] – [[:Category: Favour\| Favour]]
	\| authorofpiece =Mayfair Yang		\| authorofpiece =Mayfair Yang
	\| authorinstitution =Department of Religious Studies and Department of East Asian Languages & Cultural Studies, University of California Santa Barbara, USA		\| authorinstitution =Department of Religious Studies and Department of East Asian Languages & Cultural Studies, University of California Santa Barbara, USA
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	[[Category:China]]		[[Category:China]]
	[[Category: East Asia]]		[[Category: East Asia]]
	[[Category: Getting things ~~dome~~]]		[[Category: Getting things done]]
	[[Category: Personal connections]]		[[Category: Personal connections]]
	[[Category: Access]]		[[Category: Access]]

Editor2018 at 15:47, 16 May 2019

2019-05-16T15:47:37Z

Show changes

Admin at 14:24, 8 October 2018

2018-10-08T14:24:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:24, 8 October 2018
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	[[Category:Gift]]		[[Category:Gift]]
	[[Category:Favour]]		[[Category:Favour]]
	[[Category:~~Social~~ Relationships]]		[[Category:Relationships]]
	[[Category:Connections]]		[[Category:Connections]]
	[[Category:Social Debt]]		[[Category:Social Debt]]

Admin at 14:20, 8 October 2018

2018-10-08T14:20:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:20, 8 October 2018
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	[[Category:Favour]]		[[Category:Favour]]
	[[Category:Social Relationships]]		[[Category:Social Relationships]]
	[[Category:~~Social~~ Connections]]		[[Category:Connections]]
	[[Category:Social Debt]]		[[Category:Social Debt]]
	[[Category:Exchange]]		[[Category:Exchange]]

Admin at 15:30, 5 October 2018

2018-10-05T15:30:22Z

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	[[Category:Exchange]]		[[Category:Exchange]]
	[[Category:Expectation of Repayment]]		[[Category:Expectation of Repayment]]
	[[Category:Desirable Good/Opportunity]]		[[Category:Desirable Good]]
			[[Category:Opportunity]]
	[[Category:Help]]		[[Category:Help]]
	[[Category:Friendship]]		[[Category:Friendship]]

Admin at 13:53, 19 September 2018

2018-09-19T13:53:41Z

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	[[Category:Friendship]]		[[Category:Friendship]]
	[[Category:Network]]		[[Category:Network]]
	[[Category:~~Personal~~ Contacts ]]		[[Category:Contacts ]]

	[[Category:Entry]]		[[Category:Entry]]

Admin at 15:45, 27 June 2018

2018-06-27T15:45:22Z

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	[[Category:Network]]		[[Category:Network]]
	[[Category:Personal Contacts ]]		[[Category:Personal Contacts ]]

			[[Category:Entry]]

Admin: Admin moved page Guanxi to Guanxi (China) without leaving a redirect

2018-05-31T12:37:05Z

Admin moved page Guanxi to Guanxi (China) without leaving a redirect

← Older revision	Revision as of 12:37, 31 May 2018
(No difference)