Difference between revisions of "Shpargalka (Russia)"

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|style="font-size:1.1em;"| ''Shpargalka'' (''shpora'') (English: crib sheet or pony, German: ''Spickzettel'') are unauthorized materials used by students during tests and exams at school, university and other educational institutions.

|style="font-size:1.1em;"| ''Shpargalka'' (''shpora'') (English: crib sheet or pony, German: ''Spickzettel'') are unauthorized materials used by students during tests and exams at school, university and other educational institutions.

They may be divided into traditional and innovative (Figure 1).

They may be divided into traditional and innovative (Figure 1).

A traditional ''shpargalka'' is a handwritten or typed sheet of paper that is small enough to be hidden in the palm of the hand, up a sleeve or in a pocket, and that can be used surreptitiously during exams. This is not easy to do, however: one needs ''snorovka'' (dexterity) – a particular kind of social skill in itself.

A traditional ''shpargalka'' is a handwritten or typed sheet of paper that is small enough to be hidden in the palm of the hand, up a sleeve or in a pocket, and that can be used surreptitiously during exams. This is not easy to do, however: one needs ''snorovka'' (dexterity) – a particular kind of social skill in itself.

Students do not even need to produce their own ''shpargalki'': paper ''shpargalki'' can be purchased in almost every bookshop and online. Many books or booklets can be cut up and used during exams (Figure 2).

Students do not even need to produce their own ''shpargalki'': paper ''shpargalki'' can be purchased in almost every bookshop and online. Many books or booklets can be cut up and used during exams (Figure 2).

[[File:shpargalka2.png|thumb|300px|left|Figure 2: Figure 2: Paper shpargalki for Russian History, Marketing and Higher Mathematics (www.ozon.ru)]]

[[File:shpargalka2.png|thumb|300px|left|Figure 2: Figure 2: Paper shpargalki for Russian History, Marketing and Higher Mathematics (www.ozon.ru)]]