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Difference between revisions of "Chernaya kassa (Kyrgyzstan)"
Chernaya kassa (Kyrgyzstan) (view source)
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The success of ROSCAs relies on the code of honor, reputation and shame: “since all members know each other well, the cost of monitoring the use of the funds is low, and the members are in a good position to evaluate a recipient's ability to repay the loan” (Neuhauser 1993: 51). ROSCA-like mechanisms similar to ''chernaya kassa'' are common in developing countries of Latin America, African countries and in Asia (see similar [[:Category:Credit|informal credit practices]]). An analogous practice in the former Soviet Union was informal credit in the Soviet penal system, called [[obshchak]]. | The success of ROSCAs relies on the code of honor, reputation and shame: “since all members know each other well, the cost of monitoring the use of the funds is low, and the members are in a good position to evaluate a recipient's ability to repay the loan” (Neuhauser 1993: 51). ROSCA-like mechanisms similar to ''chernaya kassa'' are common in developing countries of Latin America, African countries and in Asia (see similar [[:Category:Credit|informal credit practices]]). An analogous practice in the former Soviet Union was informal credit in the Soviet penal system, called [[obshchak]]. | ||
The negative connotations related to ''chernaya kassa'' relate to political corruption, illicit party funds, and manipulation of the state budget by the elites (Barsukova and Zvyagintzev 2006, Zyryanova 2013, Gelman 2002) (see also [[cash for access]]). However, at a grassroots level in Kyrgyzstan, ''chernaya kassa'' has a positive image and is associated with mutual help. In contrast with ROSCAs, Kyrgyz ''chernaya kassa'' is connected to a tradition of laying food and drinks on the floor and often accompanied by spreading a ''dastorkon'', a traditional tablecloth used to serve food. On the occasion of rotating the savings, people get together over dinner or lunch, usually organized and paid for by the individual receiving savings. ''Chernaya kassa'' usually takes place once a month, and involve families, colleagues, classmates, relatives, neighbours, alumni or friends in a group of ten to twelve, who collect savings in turn and without any interest rates. Similar to [[tandas | The negative connotations related to ''chernaya kassa'' relate to political corruption, illicit party funds, and manipulation of the state budget by the elites (Barsukova and Zvyagintzev 2006, Zyryanova 2013, Gelman 2002) (see also [[cash for access]]). However, at a grassroots level in Kyrgyzstan, ''chernaya kassa'' has a positive image and is associated with mutual help. In contrast with ROSCAs, Kyrgyz ''chernaya kassa'' is connected to a tradition of laying food and drinks on the floor and often accompanied by spreading a ''dastorkon'', a traditional tablecloth used to serve food. On the occasion of rotating the savings, people get together over dinner or lunch, usually organized and paid for by the individual receiving savings. ''Chernaya kassa'' usually takes place once a month, and involve families, colleagues, classmates, relatives, neighbours, alumni or friends in a group of ten to twelve, who collect savings in turn and without any interest rates. Similar to [[tandas and cundinas]] in the northern part of Mexico and the south-west of the United States and [[gap]] in Uzbekistan, ''chernaya kassa'' in Kyrgyzstan, is more common among women (Kandiyoti 1998). For female entrepreneurs ''chernaya kassa'' is a good opportunity to advertise and sell their goods or services among the ''kassa'' members (Turaeva 2018). [[Joro]] gatherings, popular in Kyrgyzstan, often also include the ''kassa'' saving fund system. Members of joro gatherings agree on the conditions under which ''chernaya kassa'' would run. | ||
''Chernaya kassa'' as informal micro-credit issuing scheme allows taking a large amount of money at once without interest rates. It enables individuals to get an unofficial extra-fund when in need. Since ''chernaya kassa'' participants know each other very well and trust each other, they usually do not have conflicts over money. People spend the savings to buy services and durable goods, such as expensive furniture, household equipment or jewelry, which they would not be able to afford otherwise, or to celebrate life events, such as jubilees, weddings or feasts. Alternatively, they can be spent to travel abroad, to pay for tuition fees, or invest in their small family businesses. | ''Chernaya kassa'' as informal micro-credit issuing scheme allows taking a large amount of money at once without interest rates. It enables individuals to get an unofficial extra-fund when in need. Since ''chernaya kassa'' participants know each other very well and trust each other, they usually do not have conflicts over money. People spend the savings to buy services and durable goods, such as expensive furniture, household equipment or jewelry, which they would not be able to afford otherwise, or to celebrate life events, such as jubilees, weddings or feasts. Alternatively, they can be spent to travel abroad, to pay for tuition fees, or invest in their small family businesses. | ||