...ahi 2012: 7<ref>Ezrahi, C. 2012. Swans of the Kremlin: Ballet and Power in Soviet Russia. Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh University Press.</ref>).
...publishing) that explicitly rejected and challenged the official system of Soviet cultural production. The term looks at more subconscious ways of subverting
9 KB (1,286 words) - 14:04, 20 May 2019
...i, Ann. 2015. '' Uncensored: Samizdat Novels and the Quest for Autonomy in Soviet Dissidence''. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press. </ref>.) T
...i, Ann. 2015. '' Uncensored: Samizdat Novels and the Quest for Autonomy in Soviet Dissidence''. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press. </ref>). T
9 KB (1,221 words) - 13:56, 23 May 2019
...ian term for psychiatric hospital, ''psikhiatricheskaya bolnitsa''. Yet in Soviet times it also acquired a much more ominous meaning because of the many diss
...terned. This photograph is from 2006, but everything looks exactly like in Soviet times. Artist: Robert Van Noren]]
10 KB (1,400 words) - 13:09, 26 July 2019
...was the first self-made mechanism for reproducing music recordings in the Soviet era, a time of prohibition of musical styles and material shortage. The pra
...Around the Block: A History of Rock Music in Eastern Europe and The Soviet Union (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990).</ref>.
12 KB (1,691 words) - 16:11, 29 September 2019
[[Category: Former Soviet Union]]
...>). However, Uzbekistan’s version bears specific traits inherited from the Soviet military and sustained by the country’s authoritarian governance and weak
9 KB (1,311 words) - 15:36, 27 September 2025
...ractice was present in Georgian society before the formation of the Soviet Union (see Ardaziani 1861, Vazha-Pshavela 1893). In the literary works of the lat
...or services in shortage (Ledeneva 1998). The second economy of the Soviet Union encompassed illegal and semi-legal retail activities such as ''fartsovka''
10 KB (1,405 words) - 15:48, 14 September 2019
...em;"|The ''obshchak'' (Russian: общак) is a term that emerged in the early Soviet penal system in Russia<ref>Gurov, A. 1995. ''Krasnaya Mafiya''. Moscow: Sam
...the successor countries of the Soviet Union through migration from the old Soviet bloc<ref>Varese, F. 2011. 'How Mafias take advantage of globalization: The
12 KB (1,793 words) - 15:55, 10 September 2019
...of tape recorders began.’ <ref>Igor Buser, Mark Linnik and Dmitry Zaitsev, Soviet Rock: 25 years in the underground + 5 years of freedom (Moscow: Progress Pu
...-recording unit "Voice" (MAG-59M), which belonged to M. B. Krizhanovsky, a Soviet engineer known for his underground recordings.]]
14 KB (1,939 words) - 16:08, 17 May 2019
...ules’<ref>Slade G. 2013. Reorganizing Crime: Mafia and Anti -Mafia in Post-Soviet Georgia (Oxford: Oxford University Press)</ref>.
...al power structure in the Soviet gulags because they were empowered by the Soviet authorities to control the gulag population<ref>Shelley L., 2007. Georgian
14 KB (1,979 words) - 13:23, 17 May 2019
...hics of Soviet medical practice: Behaviours and attitudes of physicians in Soviet Estonia,’ ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 22: 33-40</ref>
...hics of Soviet medical practice: Behaviours and attitudes of physicians in Soviet Estonia,’ ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' 22: 33-40</ref>).
11 KB (1,666 words) - 13:07, 26 July 2019
A cult novel depicting the controversies of the Soviet Union in the 1930s, 'The Golden Calf', highlights a character of a clandestine mi
...of the Soviet Union. This was the pattern of GRU’s operations [the Soviet Union's top-secret military intelligence organization]. “Every exhibition attra
9 KB (1,315 words) - 09:54, 6 April 2022
...s it was quite common to see hulking American-style brick houses alongside Soviet-era shacks.
...racks and fences of ''dacha'' settlements evidently did more to engage the Soviet spirit of collectivism than the (usually urine-soaked and [[graffiti]]-ridd
8 KB (1,223 words) - 12:39, 16 May 2019
...oject, observed: ‘If we were totally reliant on the written sources of the Soviet society, we might hardly have guessed the importance of ‘''blat''’ (Ber
In the Soviet vernacular, the term embraced 1) vertical, or hierarchical, patterns such a
15 KB (2,037 words) - 09:00, 17 December 2021
...s of the Soviet government in 1919, and operated until the very end of the Soviet period.
...itions had never been encouraged during the Soviet period, and in the late Soviet period they were officially forbidden. Specific terms for ''zhaloba'' in Ru
12 KB (1,659 words) - 22:52, 22 June 2022
...2006. '' How Russia Really Works: The Informal Practices that Shaped Post-Soviet Politics and Business''. Ithica: Cornell University Press </ref>).
...ulating ''kompromat'' is still practiced in countries of the former Soviet Union and remains an important device to eliminate competitors or protect the int
12 KB (1,581 words) - 15:24, 29 June 2020
...or close relatives. ''Chernaya kassa'' is a widely spread practice in post-Soviet Central Asia beyond Kyrgyzstan (Wolters 2014), as it became a reliable, man
...n analogous practice in the former Soviet Union was informal credit in the Soviet penal system, called [[obshchak]].
11 KB (1,468 words) - 11:26, 12 May 2020
...idely used in post-Soviet republics after the disintegration of the Soviet Union when a series of sweeping political and socio-economic reforms, mainly conc
...often indistinguishable in practice from protection rackets since, for the former, there will always be an implied threat that the racketeers themselves may
10 KB (1,429 words) - 11:52, 11 May 2020
...brigades undertaking short, illegal or semi-legal contracts in the Soviet Union
...ally illegal, was both widespread and essential for getting work done, the Soviet authorities had to turn a blind eye to ''shabashniki'', whose activities we
13 KB (1,769 words) - 16:25, 10 September 2019
...widespread practice of private car drivers’ providing what across the post-Soviet space is known as ‘private carriage’ (Russian: ''chastnyi izvoz''), tha
...is the reason why the individuals engaged in this practice across the post-Soviet space are – often pejoratively – referred to as ''bombily'' (singular:
11 KB (1,662 words) - 18:55, 2 September 2022
...registration. Its popular social acceptability as evidence of a legitimate union between a man and woman can pose challenges to the regulatory attempts of t
...practised in Iran. The ceremony is performed without witnesses, creating a union where the woman receives a sum of money from the groom (Tremayne, 2006).
12 KB (1,677 words) - 17:22, 27 November 2022