Contributor, Editor, Supervisor
2,305
edits
Difference between revisions of "Deryban (Ukraine and Russia)"
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
no edit summary
Editor2018 (talk | contribs) |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{infobox | {{infobox | ||
| nameofpractice =Deryban | |||
| flagemoji =🇺🇦 🇷🇺 | |||
| definition =The expropriation and informal sharing of state property among private actors | |||
}} | | location =Ukraine and Russia | ||
| imagemap =Ukraine and Russia map.png | |||
''' | | clusters = | ||
[[:Category:Market|Market]] – [[:Category: Functional ambivalence| Functional ambivalence]] – [[:Category: Gaming the system| Gaming the system]] – [[:Category: Camouflage| Camouflage]] – [[:Category: Free-riding| Free-riding]] | |||
| categories = | |||
Deryban denotes the process of distributing public or state-owned resources among a narrow circle of the elite, serving their private interests at the expense of the public interest. It is closely associated with corruption. Deryban often occurs by formally legal means, without violations of laws and procedures that are themselves designed in a way that creates opportunities for deryban (Datsyuk). The term has been used widely in Ukrainian and Russian. It takes various forms – derybanyty (verb), derybanivshiy (participle), derybanshchyk (noun referring to the one who loots) and deryban-team (noun referring to a team of looters) (Chepurnyy 2015)<ref>Chepurnyy, Y. 2015. ‘Deryban-Komanda.’ Hromadske TV, 21 October http://www.hromadske.tv/politics/deribankomanda/</ref>. | [[:Category:Ukraine|Ukraine]] – [[:Category: Russia| Russia]] – [[:Category: FSU| FSU]] – [[:Category: Europe| Europe]] – [[:Category: Property| Property]] – [[:Category: Expropriation| Expropriation]] – [[:Category: Elite| Elite]] | ||
| authorofpiece =Olga Kesarchuk | |||
| authorinstitution =Olga Kesarchuk, Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy, University of Toronto, Canada | |||
No one English term fully captures the meaning of deryban, but looting, asset-stripping, embezzlement or (political) corruption come closest. In Ukrainian, prikhvatizatsiia (literally, grabbing of state-owned resources, which is a play on the Russian word privatizatsiia, meaning privatisation) comes closest to deryban. The difference between the two terms is that prikhvatizatsiia refers to the corrupt nature of a specific process – privatisation of former state assets – whereas deryban has a broader meaning, even though it also refers to the misappropriation of state resources. In the private sphere, the term reiderstvo (raiding) comes closest to deryban. Reiderstvo refers to a sudden, illegal change of ownership of privately-owned assets, usually by use of force. Delyozh or raspil (Russian), which mean distribution, sharing, partition, also come close in meaning to deryban, which tends to be used more often in the Ukrainian media. | | authorwebsite =[https://munkschool.utoronto.ca/profile/kesarchuk-olga/ Profile page at UT]}} | ||
<big>'''By Olga Kesarchuk, Olga Kesarchuk, Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy, University of Toronto, Canada'''</big> | |||
[[Category:Market]] | |||
[[Category: Functional ambivalence]] | |||
[[Category: Gaming the system]] | |||
[[Category: Camouflage]] | |||
[[Category: Free-riding]] | |||
[[Category:Ukraine]] | |||
[[Category: Russia]] | |||
[[Category: FSU]] | |||
[[Category: Europe]] | |||
[[Category: Property]] | |||
[[Category: Expropriation]] | |||
[[Category: Elite]] | |||
[[Category:Entry]] | |||
[[Category: Volume 2]] | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
|style="font-size:1.1em;"| Deryban denotes the process of distributing public or state-owned resources among a narrow circle of the elite, serving their private interests at the expense of the public interest. It is closely associated with corruption. Deryban often occurs by formally legal means, without violations of laws and procedures that are themselves designed in a way that creates opportunities for deryban (Datsyuk). The term has been used widely in Ukrainian and Russian. It takes various forms – derybanyty (verb), derybanivshiy (participle), derybanshchyk (noun referring to the one who loots) and deryban-team (noun referring to a team of looters) (Chepurnyy 2015)<ref>Chepurnyy, Y. 2015. ‘Deryban-Komanda.’ Hromadske TV, 21 October http://www.hromadske.tv/politics/deribankomanda/</ref>. | |||
|} | |||
No one English term fully captures the meaning of deryban, but looting, asset-stripping, embezzlement or (political) corruption come closest. In Ukrainian, prikhvatizatsiia (literally, grabbing of state-owned resources, which is a play on the Russian word privatizatsiia, meaning privatisation) comes closest to deryban. The difference between the two terms is that prikhvatizatsiia refers to the corrupt nature of a specific process – privatisation of former state assets – whereas deryban has a broader meaning, even though it also refers to the misappropriation of state resources. In the private sphere, the term [[reiderstvo]] (raiding) comes closest to deryban. Reiderstvo refers to a sudden, illegal change of ownership of privately-owned assets, usually by use of force. Delyozh or raspil (Russian), which mean distribution, sharing, partition, also come close in meaning to deryban, which tends to be used more often in the Ukrainian media. | |||
Deryban is used across all sectors of the economy, but refers most frequently to corruption in the distribution of land. For example, a Facebook group Deryban.net (‘No to deryban’) was set up, and a website with the same name, which aimed to identify cases of unlawful land distribution in Crimea (Sereda 2012)<ref>Sereda, E. 2012. ‘Krymchane otmechayut v Internete na karte nezakonno vydannye zemli.’ Segodnya.ua, 3 May http://www.segodnya.ua/regions/krym/krymchane-otmechajut-v-internete-na-karte-nezakonno-vydannye-zemli.html </ref>. Deryban may also refer to the misappropriation of budget resources. For example, it is used to describe corruption during the state purchase of goods and services, when a government official informally privileges a supplier who charges a higher price than others. In return, the official receives personal favours or money (vidkat in Ukrainain and [[Otkat|''otkat'']] in Russian, meaning ‘kickback’). Privileged individuals may also obtain opportunities for deryban by exploiting their control of state property to serve their private interests. In an article published in mid-2015, for example, Serhiy Kuyun discussed the potential implications of the changes in management of Ukraine’s largest oil-extracting company, Ukrnafta. The state owns 50 per cent plus one share, yet the company is controlled by Ihor Kolomoyskyy, one of Ukraine’s richest oligarchs and head of the Pryvat business group. Under its previous head, Ukrnafta accumulated substantial debts to the state. Kuyun predicts that deryban will continue under Ukrnaftas’s new management, since the new head has close ties to Pryvat (Kuyun 2015)<ref>Kuyun, S. 2015. ‘”Ukrnafta”: Reforma chy deryban?’ Dzerkalo Tyzhnya, 24 July http://gazeta.dt.ua/energy_market/ukrnafta-reforma-chi-deriban-_.html </ref>. | Deryban is used across all sectors of the economy, but refers most frequently to corruption in the distribution of land. For example, a Facebook group Deryban.net (‘No to deryban’) was set up, and a website with the same name, which aimed to identify cases of unlawful land distribution in Crimea (Sereda 2012)<ref>Sereda, E. 2012. ‘Krymchane otmechayut v Internete na karte nezakonno vydannye zemli.’ Segodnya.ua, 3 May http://www.segodnya.ua/regions/krym/krymchane-otmechajut-v-internete-na-karte-nezakonno-vydannye-zemli.html </ref>. Deryban may also refer to the misappropriation of budget resources. For example, it is used to describe corruption during the state purchase of goods and services, when a government official informally privileges a supplier who charges a higher price than others. In return, the official receives personal favours or money (vidkat in Ukrainain and [[Otkat|''otkat'']] in Russian, meaning ‘kickback’). Privileged individuals may also obtain opportunities for deryban by exploiting their control of state property to serve their private interests. In an article published in mid-2015, for example, Serhiy Kuyun discussed the potential implications of the changes in management of Ukraine’s largest oil-extracting company, Ukrnafta. The state owns 50 per cent plus one share, yet the company is controlled by Ihor Kolomoyskyy, one of Ukraine’s richest oligarchs and head of the Pryvat business group. Under its previous head, Ukrnafta accumulated substantial debts to the state. Kuyun predicts that deryban will continue under Ukrnaftas’s new management, since the new head has close ties to Pryvat (Kuyun 2015)<ref>Kuyun, S. 2015. ‘”Ukrnafta”: Reforma chy deryban?’ Dzerkalo Tyzhnya, 24 July http://gazeta.dt.ua/energy_market/ukrnafta-reforma-chi-deriban-_.html </ref>. | ||
| Line 29: | Line 49: | ||
The author thanks Ivan Presnyakov, Halyna Tytysh, Myroslava Petsa, and Olena Bagno-Moldavsky for their help in the preparation of this entry. | The author thanks Ivan Presnyakov, Halyna Tytysh, Myroslava Petsa, and Olena Bagno-Moldavsky for their help in the preparation of this entry. | ||
==References== | |||