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{{infobox | {{infobox | ||
| nameofpractice =Quàn jiǔ | |||
| flagemoji =🇨🇳 | |||
| definition =Toasting people as a means of building relationships | |||
| location =China | |||
| imagemap =China map.png | |||
| clusters = | |||
}} | [[:Category:Domination|Domination]] – [[:Category: Motivational ambivalence| Motivational ambivalence]] – [[:Category: Co-optation| Co-optation]] – [[:Category: Patron-client networks| Patron-client networks]] | ||
| categories = | |||
[[:Category:China|China]] – [[:Category: East Asia| East Asia]] – [[:Category: Toast| Toast]] – [[:Category: Hospitality| Hospitality]] – [[:Category: Personal connections| Personal connections]] – [[:Category: Food| Food]] – [[:Category: Alcohol| Alcohol]] – [[:Category: Celebration| Celebration]] | |||
| authorofpiece =Nan Zhao | |||
| authorinstitution =Alumna, School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London, UK | |||
| authorwebsite = }} | |||
<big>'''By Nan Zhao, Alumna, School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London, UK'''</big> | |||
[[Category:Domination]] | |||
[[Category: Motivational ambivalence]] | |||
[[Category: Co-optation]] | |||
[[Category: Patron-client networks]] | |||
[[Category:China]] | |||
[[Category: East Asia]] | |||
[[Category: Toast]] | |||
[[Category: Hospitality]] | |||
[[Category: Personal connections]] | |||
[[Category: Food]] | |||
[[Category: Alcohol]] | |||
[[Category: Celebration]] | |||
[[Category:Entry]] | |||
[[Category: Volume 2]] | |||
[[Category: Alumni]] | |||
[[Category: SSEES]] | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
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|style="font-size:1.1em;"|In the Chinese tradition, ''quàn jiǔ'' (劝酒) is the practice of toasting during a banquet, using kind, praising and appreciative words to welcome guests. A typical practice in [[guanxi]] networks, ''quàn jiǔ'' is usually performed on formal occasions. It facilitates social interaction by acting as a conversation starter between both strangers and old acquaintances. | |||
|} | |||
''Quàn jiǔ'' is a well-established practice with a long tradition, that has clear rules which distinguish it from other simple drinking practices. It does not only revolve around alcohol as a social lubricant, but brings together forms of social and symbolic capital (Bourdieu 1986<ref>Bourdieu, P. 1986. ‘The forms of capital’, in J. G. Richardson (ed.), Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. New York: Greenwood Press: 241-58</ref>), enabling the person invited to participate with prestige. Refusing to participate would be a form of irreverence, and would temporarily exclude the person from the sociability of the ''guanxi'' network. The etiquette of ''quàn jiǔ'' is an essential part of Chinese drinking culture, being taught in the family. Education involves teaching how to urge others to drink, what to say when toasting, and the appropriate techniques to make people drink more when attending official engagements (Sun: 2004). | ''Quàn jiǔ'' is a well-established practice with a long tradition, that has clear rules which distinguish it from other simple drinking practices. It does not only revolve around alcohol as a social lubricant, but brings together forms of social and symbolic capital (Bourdieu 1986<ref>Bourdieu, P. 1986. ‘The forms of capital’, in J. G. Richardson (ed.), Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. New York: Greenwood Press: 241-58</ref>), enabling the person invited to participate with prestige. Refusing to participate would be a form of irreverence, and would temporarily exclude the person from the sociability of the ''guanxi'' network. The etiquette of ''quàn jiǔ'' is an essential part of Chinese drinking culture, being taught in the family. Education involves teaching how to urge others to drink, what to say when toasting, and the appropriate techniques to make people drink more when attending official engagements (Sun: 2004). | ||
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''Quàn jiǔ'' is a way to express trust and build social relationships. The language used in toasting is positive, praising, and appreciative of the person or their work. Such language reduces the social distance, while alcohol gives people the chance to express their emotions casually, directly and fearlessly. | ''Quàn jiǔ'' is a way to express trust and build social relationships. The language used in toasting is positive, praising, and appreciative of the person or their work. Such language reduces the social distance, while alcohol gives people the chance to express their emotions casually, directly and fearlessly. | ||
==References | ==References== | ||
#Chen, Z and Han, G. 2007. ‘Gift Giving Culture in China and its Cultural Values’, Journal of Intercultural Communication Studies. 16(2). | #Chen, Z and Han, G. 2007. ‘Gift Giving Culture in China and its Cultural Values’, Journal of Intercultural Communication Studies. 16(2). | ||
#Daniel Ng. 2015. ‘Chinese Drinking Culture’, available at: http://www.shanghaiexpat.com/blog/shanghai-and-china/about-china/chinese-drinking-culture-22349.html (Accessed: 25 March, 2015). | #Daniel Ng. 2015. ‘Chinese Drinking Culture’, available at: http://www.shanghaiexpat.com/blog/shanghai-and-china/about-china/chinese-drinking-culture-22349.html (Accessed: 25 March, 2015). | ||
#Fan, Y. 2000b. ‘A classification of Chinese cultural values’, Journal of Cross Cultural Management. 7(2). 3–10. | #Fan, Y. 2000b. ‘A classification of Chinese cultural values’, Journal of Cross Cultural Management. 7(2). 3–10. | ||
#Walulik, A. 2015. ‘A Westerner’s Guide to Chinese Drinking Culture’, available at: http://matadornetwork.com/nights/a-westerners-guide-to-chinese-drinking-culture/ (Accessed: 21st June, 2012). | #Walulik, A. 2015. ‘A Westerner’s Guide to Chinese Drinking Culture’, available at: http://matadornetwork.com/nights/a-westerners-guide-to-chinese-drinking-culture/ (Accessed: 21st June, 2012). | ||