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Difference between revisions of "Shpargalka (Russia)"
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[[:Category:Market|Market]] – [[:Category: Functional ambivalence| Functional ambivalence]] – [[:Category: Gaming the system| Gaming the system]] – [[:Category: Camouflage| Camouflage]] – [[:Category: Creating facades| Creating facades]] | [[:Category:Market|Market]] – [[:Category: Functional ambivalence| Functional ambivalence]] – [[:Category: Gaming the system| Gaming the system]] – [[:Category: Camouflage| Camouflage]] – [[:Category: Creating facades| Creating facades]] | ||
| categories = | | categories = | ||
[[:Category:Russia|Russia]] – [[:Category: FSU| FSU]] – [[:Category: Education| Education]] – [[:Category: Examination| Examination]] – [[:Category: | [[:Category:Russia|Russia]] – [[:Category: FSU| FSU]] – [[:Category: Education| Education]] – [[:Category: Examination| Examination]] – [[:Category: Concealment| Concealment]] | ||
| authorofpiece =Elena Denisova-Schmidt | | authorofpiece =Elena Denisova-Schmidt | ||
| authorinstitution =School of Humanities & Social Sciences, University of St Gallen, Switzerland | | authorinstitution =School of Humanities & Social Sciences, University of St Gallen, Switzerland | ||
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[[Category: Education]] | [[Category: Education]] | ||
[[Category: Examination]] | [[Category: Examination]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category: Concealment]] | ||
[[Category:Entry]] | [[Category:Entry]] | ||
[[Category: Volume 2]] | [[Category: Volume 2]] | ||
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[[File:shpargalka5.jpg|thumb|300px|Figure 5: Pony from Poland (present day). Schulgeschichtliche Sammlung der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg. Foto: Pöhlein, Erlangen. Reproduced with permission.]] | [[File:shpargalka5.jpg|thumb|300px|Figure 5: Pony from Poland (present day). Schulgeschichtliche Sammlung der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg. Foto: Pöhlein, Erlangen. Reproduced with permission.]] | ||
The use of ''shpargalki'' is widespread in Russia; many young Russians learn how to do so at school and perfect the skill during their time at university. Shpargalki are, however, violations of academic integrity linked to plagiarism, ghost-writing, manipulation of accreditation, degree-mills and other forms of monetary and non-monetary corruption in academia. | The use of ''shpargalki'' is widespread in Russia; many young Russians learn how to do so at school and perfect the skill during their time at university. Shpargalki are, however, violations of academic integrity linked to plagiarism, [[ghost-writing]], manipulation of accreditation, degree-mills and other forms of monetary and non-monetary corruption in academia. | ||
Sometimes students use ''shpargalki'' because they find it hard to study to such a high level. At the same time, they feel compelled to enter higher education because it is seen as the only way to secure a professional future. About 80 per cent of young Russians enrol in some form of higher education, and almost all of them complete their studies within the allotted time-frame. One reason why students feel pressured to act in this way is the lack of social acceptance both of vocational education and of blue-collar employment. | Sometimes students use ''shpargalki'' because they find it hard to study to such a high level. At the same time, they feel compelled to enter higher education because it is seen as the only way to secure a professional future. About 80 per cent of young Russians enrol in some form of higher education, and almost all of them complete their studies within the allotted time-frame. One reason why students feel pressured to act in this way is the lack of social acceptance both of vocational education and of blue-collar employment. | ||