Difference between revisions of "Palyonka (Russia)"

|style="font-size:1.1em;"|In Russia, ''palyonka'' (from adj. ''palyonyi'', meaning singed, burned) is a colloquial term used by consumers to denote counterfeit goods. It originated in the late socialism when the term ''palyonka'' was associated with illegally manufactured vodka. Since the early 2000s, it has been used to refer to a wider range of goods, such as petroleum, documents and clothes, and infringements of intellectual property laws, such as direct copies, imitations, or factory overruns. In the 2010s, ''pal'', a synonym for ''palyonka'', entered youth slang to denote counterfeit branded clothes and footwear.

|style="font-size:1.1em;"|In Russia, ''palyonka'' (from adj. ''palyonyi'', meaning singed, burned) is a colloquial term used by consumers to denote counterfeit goods. It originated in the late socialism when the term ''palyonka'' was associated with illegally manufactured vodka. Since the early 2000s, it has been used to refer to a wider range of goods, such as petroleum, documents and clothes, and infringements of intellectual property laws, such as direct copies, imitations, or factory overruns. In the 2010s, ''pal'', a synonym for ''palyonka'', entered youth slang to denote counterfeit branded clothes and footwear.

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In the late twentieth century, counterfeit products emerged as a global challenge: pirated goods were being produced and consumed in virtually all economies. Russia was no exception and was identified by the European Commission a country with a high infringement of intellectual property rights (Devigne 2008). Russians consume more counterfeit goods than they produce; counterfeit goods in Russia tend to be imported, often from Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States, but they primarily arrive from Asia, especially China (Radaev et al. 2008).  

In the late twentieth century, counterfeit products emerged as a global challenge: pirated goods were being produced and consumed in virtually all economies. Russia was no exception and was identified by the European Commission a country with a high infringement of intellectual property rights (Devigne 2008). Russians consume more counterfeit goods than they produce; counterfeit goods in Russia tend to be imported, often from Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States, but they primarily arrive from Asia, especially China (Radaev et al. 2008).